The Kodaikanal Solar Observatory is a solar observatory owned and operated by the Indian Institute of Astrophysics. It is on the southern tip of the Palani Hills 4 km from Kodaikanal town, Dindigul district, Tamil Nadu state, South India. It was established in 1899 as a Solar Physics Observatory and all the activities of the Madras Observatory were shifted to Kodaikanal.

The Evershed effect was first detected at this observatory in January 1909. Earlier the observatory was known as Solar Physics Observatory that later converted to its current name. The longitudinal setting of this scientific abode makes it one of a kind spot to examine solar behavior.

The observatory houses the most comprehensive compilation of solar data, from as far as the 19th century. Furthermore, the place has an unusual geography that makes it especially the perfect spot to experience proper cosmic observations. At present, it features all the modern imaging apparatus and is the must-visit location to observe the celestial events. Visitors can see a 20 cm refractor here that helps in comet observations and to view relevant occultation events.

The Observatory also boasts a famous Astronomy museum on campus for the tourists. The displays here are chiefly pictorial, backed by a couple of models. Visitors can also see the live solar image and the Fraunhofer spectrum while museum touring. The trip to the epitome of learning ground will present all the visitors with a core knowledge and display of all the astronomical elements researched here by far. Also, the biggest highlight is trying your own hands with the equipment present here to upgrade your aptitudes and enjoy discovering the magical galaxy.

How To Reach

From Kodaikanal bus stand: The observatory is just about 4 km away from the charming town of Kodaikanal. You can find regular buses from Kodaikanal to reach Kodaikanal Solar Observatory. You can also book a seat in a private bus, take a taxi, or hire a cab to reach the location.

One can either choose from private luxury buses or affordable state government buses running from Kodaikanal bus stand to KSO. You will be dropped at the main entrance and then walk further one km to land at the observatory.

Best Time To Visit

The best time to visit Kodaikanal Solar Observatory is mainly in the morning time, i.e., from 10 to 12. At this time, visitors can witness the clear skies along with the visible Sun. Thus, giving an ideal opportunity to admire the wonders of the sky in the most pristine manner.

Also, although one can visit the KSO year-round though the best time to visit here is considered during the celestial events. It is the moment when visitors can seize the spectacle of the wonders occurring in the sky.

Things To Do

1. Boating & Pony Ride- Go to nearby Kodaikanal Lake built by Sir Vere Henry Levinge. This serene lake, spreading to 24 hectares, is famous amongst visitors for boating as well as pony rides around it.

2. Trekking- Perumal Peak stands at the height of 8005 ft that is a mesmerizing tourist attraction near the KSO. It is a dreamy spot for trekking and camping. Once you reach the summit, you'll be blessed with divine aura.

3. Nature Trail- Head to Coakers Walk to enjoy the mesmerizing scene of the area surrounded by clouds and mist. The path also has the telescopes installed for bypassers to view the beautiful meadows of Kodaikanal.

4. Pillar Rocks Viewpoint- It is the captivating viewpoint in Kodaikanal that is famous for tranquility and natural beauty all around. You can reach here through local jeeps and get treated by the stunning panorama.

History

The developer of the Kodaikanal Solar Observatory was John Evershed. The famous Kodaikanal Solar Observatory was first established as a Solar Physics Observatory in the year 1899. This observatory was the ground for the British to commence scientific studies in India. In 1792, it started as East India Company's approach to supporting Astronomy, Geography, and navigation subjects in India. So, since then, it has driven the status of the Kodaikanal Solar Observatory as a foremost solar physics lab in the nation.

Initially stationed in Chennai, the chief objective of the development of the observatory was to introduce equipment and devices in a tactical environment. These devices allowed for the sight of the moon, stars, and eclipses of Jupiter's satellites. It was also a reference area for the introductory study of the Earth's longitudinal lines. A vital solar marvel recognized as the Evershed effect was discovered here first in January 1909.

Tips Before Visiting Kodaikanal Solar Observatory

1. Cameras are not permitted to be used within the Kodaikanal Solar Observatory premises.

2. It's a perfect place for students to discover and understand the astronomy subject by using the equipment installed in the KSO.

3. The astronomical museum opens for public only at particular timing, i.e. from 10 am to 12 pm and 2 pm to 4 pm.

4. One must visit the observatory in the morning from 10:00 to 12:00 to enjoy the best pictures of the sky.

5. The observatory has a futuristic meeting and accommodation facilities. Here workshops and international conferences are conducted for around 40 participants.